La construcción de la imagen de la política en los noticiarios televisivos en España. Exo- y endo- equilibrios de la calidad de la información política

Frederic Guerrero-Solé; Carles  Pont-Sorribes; Manuel  Palencia-Lefler-Ors

doi:10.4185/RLCS-2013-973

Authors

Frederic Guerrero-Solé University Pompeu Fabra https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8145-8707
Carles Pont-Sorribes University Pompeu Fabra
Manuel Palencia-Lefler-Ors University Pompeu Fabra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-1289

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2013-973

Keywords:

agenda setting, news quality, news programmes, television, politics, image of politics

Abstract

In our society the image that citizens have of politics is strongly conditioned by the way politics are represented in the media and, in particular, in TV news programmes. This article, a product of an R&D project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Social Policy and Sport, analyses the presence and image of political news in eight Spanish TV channels. This article also proposes a new method to measure the quality of political information in Spanish TV news programmes through the definition of the endo- and exo- balances of the political content of news programmes. The main conclusions of this study are that the news programmes of Televisión Española and Cuatro offer a more balanced image of politics, while the news programmes from Sexta and Canal 9 offer more unbalanced image. The percentage of news devoted to politics does not depend on the channels’ ownership (public or private) or broadcast coverage (national or regional). On the other hand, there is a relation between the percentages of political issues and policy issues news presented on television.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Frederic Guerrero-Solé, University Pompeu Fabra

Doctor in Public Communication and Professor at the Department of Communication of the Pompeu Fabra University of Barcelona (UPF) since 2008. As researcher he specialises in the analysis of the media in Russia, and in the relationship between the media and power.

Author of several book chapters published by prestigious publishers specialised in the field of communication. Since 2007, he is a member of a consolidated and competitive research group funded by the Generalitat of Catalonia: UNICA (Audiovisual Communication Research Unit).

He has carried out research at the University of Manchester (2010) and at the School of Journalism of St. Petersburg State University of (2008).

Carles Pont-Sorribes, University Pompeu Fabra

Dr. Pont-Sorribes is Professor at the Department of Communication of the Pompeu Fabra University of Barcelona (UPF) since 2000. As researcher is specialises in the field of risk and crisis communication, political communication, public opinion, and historical and local journalism.

He is the author of three books and five book chapters published by prestigious publishers specialised in the field of communication. Since 2004, he is a member of a consolidated and competitive research group funded by the Generalitat of Catalonia: UNICA (Audiovisual Communication Research Unit).

He has collaborated with the research group "Risk, Science, Health and the Media", in the Cardiff School of Journalism, Media and Cultural Studies of Cardiff University (2010), and has carried out research at the Institutionen för journalistik, medier och kommunikation (JMK) of the Stockholms Universitet, Sweden (2008).

Manuel Palencia-Lefler-Ors, University Pompeu Fabra

Dr. Palencia-Lefler-Ors is Professor at the Department of Communication of the Pompeu Fabra University of Barcelona (UPF) since 2005. As researcher he specialises in the analysis of strategic corporate communication.

He is the author of four books, various book chapters, and numerous scientific articles of relevance within the field of communication.

Since 2006, he is a member of a consolidated and competitive research group funded by the Generalitat of Catalonia: UNICA (Audiovisual Communication Research Unit). He also coordinates the Laboratory of Trends in Strategic Communication, SCTLab-UPF, since 2008.

References

Aarts, K. & Semetko, H. A. (2003): “The Divided Electorate. Media Use and Política Involvement, The Journal of Politics, 65(3), 759-784. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2508.00211

Althaus, S. L. & Tewksbury, D. (2002): “Agenda setting and the ‘new’ news. Patterns of issue importance among readers of the paper and online versions of the New York Times”. Communication Research, 29, 180–207. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650202029002004

Behr, R. L. & Iyengar, S. (1985): “Television news, real-world cues, and changes in the public agenda”. Public Opinion Quarterly, 49, 38–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/268900

Bennet, L. B. (1983): News: the Politics of Illusion, New York, Longman.

Berger, P. y Luckmann, T. (1971): The Social Construction of Reality: a treatise in the sociology of knowledge. London: Penguin Books.

Berger, P. y Luckmann, T. (1997): Modernidad, pluralismo y crisis de sentido. La orientación del hombre moderno. Barcelona: Paidós.

Buonano, M. (1993): Non é la stessa storia (La fiction italiana, l’Italia nella fiction.Anno Quarto), Roma, Rai-Nuova ERI, (RAI-VQPT 117).

Demaria, C., Grosso, L. & Spaziante, L. (2002): Reality Tv. La televisione ai confini della relata, 190.

Diamond, E. (1991): The Media Show, Cambridge Mass. MIT Press.

Grabe, E., Zhou, S. & Barnett, B. (2001): “Explicating Sensationalism in Televisión News Content and the Bells ad Whistles of Form”, Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media 45(4), 635-655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4504_6

Graber, D. (1988): Processing News, New York, Longman.

Grossi, G. (1985): Reppresentanza e rappresentazione. Milà: Franco Angeli.

Iyengar, S. (1991): Is Anyone Responsable?: How Televisión Frames Political Issues, Chicago, Chicago University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226388533.001.0001

Kiousis, S., McDevitt, M. & Wu, X. (2005): “The genesis of civic awareness: Agenda setting in political socialization”. Journal of Communication, 55, 756–774. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2005.tb03021.x

Langer, J. (1998): Tabloid Televisión: Popular Journalism and the ‘Other News’, London, Routledge.

León-Gross, T. (2006): “La agenda de los noticiarios”. En Díaz Nosty, B. (dir.): Tendencias’06. Medios de comunicación. El año de la televisión. Madrid: Fundación Telefónica.

Luhmann, N. (1997): Observaciones de la modernidad. Barcelona: Paidós.

Marletti, C. (1985): Prima e dopo: tematizzazione e comunicazione politica. Torino: ERI

McCombs, M. E. & Shaw, D. L. (1972): “The agenda-setting function of mass media”. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36, 176–187. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/267990

Maxwell, M. and Bell, T. (1996): “The agenda-setting role of mass communication”. En Salwen, M. & Stacks, D. (Eds.), An integrated approach to communication theory and research (pp. 93–110): Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Maxwell, M., Shaw, D. L. & Weaver, D. (1997): Communication and democracy: Exploring the intellectual frontiers in agenda-setting theory. Mahwah, London: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Maxwell, M. (2006): Estableciendo la agenda: el impacto de los medios en la opinión pública y en el conocimiento. Barcelona: Paidós

Newton, K. (1999): “Mass Media Effects: Mobilization or Media Malaise?”, British Journal of Politics, 29, 577-599. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123499000289

Norris, P. (2000): A Vituous Circle. Political Communications in Postindustrial Societies. Cambridge (UK)/New York, Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511609343

Ortells, S. (2009): "La mercantilización de la información: la nueva era informativa en televisión". RLCS, Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 64, (pp 341-3539. La Laguna (Tenerife): Universidad de La Laguna, recuperado el 29.11.11, de: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=81911786028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4185/10.4185/RLCS-64-2009-827-341-353

Pallarès, F., Gifreu, J. y Capdevila, A. (eds.) (2007): De Pujol a Maragall. Comunicació política i comportament electoral a les eleccions catalanes de 2003. Girona: Documenta Universitaria.

Patterson, T. E. (2000): “Doing Well and Doing Good: How Soft News and Critical Journalism Are Shrinking the News Audience and Weakening Democracy–And What News Outlets Can Do About It”, The Joan Shorenstein Center, Harvard University.

Patterson, O. (1993): Out of Order. New York: Knoff.

Pericot, J. y Capdevila, A. (eds.) (2009): L’espectre del tripartit. Comunicació i comportament electoral a les eleccions catalanes del 2006. Girona: Documenta Universitaria.

Pfetsch, B. (1996): “Convergence Throgh Privatization? Changing Media Environements and Televised Politics in Germany”, European Journal of Communication, 11(4), 427-451. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323196011004002

Postman, N. (1985): Amusing Ourselves to Death. New York: Penguin Books.

Pozzato, M. P. (1995): Lo spettatore senza qualita: Competenze e modelli di pubblico rappresentati in TV (RAI VQPT).

Pujadas, E. (2011): La televisión de calidad. Barcelona: Aldea global.

Rogers, E. M. & Dearing, J. W. (1988): “Agenda-setting research: Where has it been, where is it going?” En Anderson, J. A. (Ed.), Communication Yearbook, 11. Newbury Park: Sage. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.1988.11678708

Ryu, J. S. (1982): “Public Affairs and Sensationalism in Local TV News Programs”, Journalism Quarterly 59(1), 74-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/107769908205900111

Sheafer, T. & Weimann, G. (2005): “Agenda building, agenda setting, priming, individual voting intentions, and the aggregate results: An analysis of four Israeli elections”. Journal of Communication, 55, 347–365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2005.tb02676.x

Sparks, C. & Tulloch, J. (eds) (2000): Tabloid Tales: Global Debates over Media Standards, Lanham, MD, Rownam and Littlefield.

Tsfati, Y. (2003): “Does audience skepticism of the media matter in agenda setting?”Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 47, 157–176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4702_1

Uribe, R. & Gunter, B. (2007): “Are ‘Sensational? News More Likely to Trigger Viewers’ Emotions than Non-Sensational News Stories?: En Content Análisis of British TV News”, European Journal of Communication 22(2), 207-228. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323107076770

Wanta, W. & Ghanem, S. I. (2007): “Effects of agenda-setting”. En Preiss, R. W., Gayle, B. M., Burrell, N., Allen, M. & Bryant, J. (Eds.), Mass media effects research. Advances through meta-analysis (pp. 37–51). New York, London: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Winston, B. (2002): “Towards Tabloidization? Glasgow Revisited, 1975-2001”, Journalism Studies 3(1), 5-20.7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700120107301