Método para la construcción de grandes corpus temáticos de noticias de prensa digital. Hacia un corpus sobre el hecho alimentario

Rubén Sánchez Sabaté; Carlos  del Valle; Marta Mensa

doi:10.4185/RLCS-2019-1347

Authors

Rubén Sánchez Sabaté Universidad de La Frontera https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4717-2259
Carlos del Valle Universidad de La Frontera http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9905-672X
Marta Mensa Austral University of Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8239-3674

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2019-1347

Keywords:

Methodology, Big Data, digital press, food and journalism

Abstract

Introduction. Food-related news disseminated by the mass media have increased over the last two decades. These contents are powerful structuring elements of Western contemporary society. This article presents a method for the selection of a corpus of thousands of news published in the digital press –without having to resort to paid news databases– that can be subsequently processed with quantitative analysis software. Methods. Food-related content is operationalised through a series of keywords that allow for the retrieval of news on the subject in question using the Google search engine and the Import.io service. Results. More than 2500 news items published in 2016 by three Chilean newspapers were retrieved and stored for their subsequent analysis with big data techniques. Discussion and conclusions. The differences and similarities of the results obtained for each newspaper are discussed from different theoretical and methodological points of view. The different research possibilities offered by the data obtained are also mentioned.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Rubén Sánchez Sabaté, Universidad de La Frontera

Rubén Sánchez Sabaté is a post-doctoral research fellow at the Scientific and Technological Research Group in Social Sciences and Humanities of Universidad de La Frontera (Chile). He holds a PhD degree in Media, Communication and Culture from the Autonomous University of Barcelona, a master’s degree in Religious Studies and Journalism, from the New York University (USA), and bachelor’s degree in Humanities and Journalism from the Pompeu Fabra University of Barcelona (Spain). Receiver of Fulbright and Erasmus Mundus scholarships. His research lines are anthropology of communication, food and communication, science and religion, religion and modernity. He has participated in international and national conferences. He is the first author of two publications indexed in Web of Science and is co-author of a book chapter.

Carlos del Valle, Universidad de La Frontera

Carlos del Valle is a tenured professor at the University of La Frontera (since 2016), Chile. Research Fellow in the Chair of European Literature and Culture of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Groningen (Netherlands). Holder of a PhD degree in Communication from the University of Seville (Spain). Post-doctorate in the Advanced Programme in Contemporary culture of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Director of the PhD programme in Communication, Director of the International Center for Boarder studies and Director of Libraries, at the University of La Frontera. PhD professor in universities in Chile, Argentina and Spain. Former dean of the University of La Frontera (2008-2017). Current member of the board of directors of the Latin Union for Political Economy of Information, Communication and Culture (ULEPICC) and Coordinator of the “Communication and sociocultural studies” group of the Latin American Association of Communication Researchers (ALAIC) and the “Communication, Politics and Citizenship” Working Group (GT) of the Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO).

He began his career as a researcher in 2000. He has directed four projects funded by the National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT) of the National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICYT) and one Anillo Project funded by the Associative Research Programme (PIA) of CONICYT. In addition, he has participated in another eleven FONDECYT-CONICYT Projects and three PLU-CONICYT Projects. At the international level, he has participated in twenty more projects, including R-D-I projects funded by CYTED (Spain), Horizon 2020 of the European Commission, and Mercosur, among others.

He has participated in more than 170 publications, in books and specialised journals. Over the last two years, his works have been published by important international publishers, such as Routledge-Taylor & Francis Group (Oxford); Palgrave Macmillan (London); Siglo XXI-Akal (Madrid), Tecnos (Madrid), Tirant lo Blanch (Barcelona); McGraw-Hill (Madrid). Previous works were published by Gedisa (Barcelona), Fontamara (Mexico City), Porrúa (Mexico City), Trillas (Mexico City), Pehuen (Santiago de Chile), Lom (Santiago de Chile), Le Monde Diplomatique (Santiago de Chile), Media XXI (Porto), Ciespal (Quito).

Marta Mensa, Austral University of Chile

Marta Mensa holds a PhD degree in Communication and Advertising from the Autonomous University of Barcelona, and a post-doctoral degree in Gender and digital advertising (2016-2017) from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), and a Diploma in University teaching from the University of Piura (Peru).
She has taught undergraduate and postgraduate courses at several universities in different countries: Autonomous University of Barcelona (Spain); National Autonomous University of Mexico; University of Piura (Peru); Marquette University (United States); Austral University (Chile). She has directed undergraduate dissertation at the University of Piura (Peru) and Austral University (Chile), and thesis in the master’s degree in Strategy and digital creativity at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (Spain).

She currently teaches organisational communication, communication and gender, public opinion and marketing at the Institute of Social Communication of the Austral University (Chile). Member of the Inequality and Human Rights Interdisciplinary Research Group, within the framework of the Social Sciences. She has participated in international conferences like those organised by the American Advertising Association and the International European Advertising Academy. Her latest publication was the book chapter titled “Latin American and its influence on global creative advertising”, in Global Advertising Practice in a Borderless World (2017), published by Taylor & Francis Group. Her next chapter is titled “Gringoland Models” and will be published in 2019 in the book Advertising Creative: Strategy, Copy, Design, published by Marquette University (United States).

References

ACHAP AG. (2017). Valida - Boletín de Circulación y Lectura 1o semestre 2017. Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/3ay4wkM

Albala, K. (2013). Routledge International Handbook of Food Studies. Routledge.

Alsina, M. R. (1989). La construcción de la noticia. Paidós España.

Barthes, R. (1997). Toward a psychosociology of contemporary food consumption. Food and Culture: A Reader, 2, 28–35.

Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. New York, NY: Free Press.

Bernabeu-Peiró, À. (2015). La divulgación radiofónica de la alimentación y la nutrición. El ejemplo de Radio 5 Todo Noticias. Revista de Comunicación y Salud, 5, 36–53.

Blanco Hernández, N. (2015). La nota gastronómica y el artículo de costumbres. Estudios Sobre El Mensaje Periodístico, 21(2), 953–967.

Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Harvard University Press.

Bourdieu, P., Inda, A. G., Beneitez, M. J. B., Ordovás, M. J. G. & Lalana, D. O. (2001). Poder, derecho y clases sociales (Vol. 2). Desclée de Brouwer Bilbao.

Colle, R. (2011). El Análisis de Contenido de las Comunicaciones. Sociedad Latina de Comunicación Social.

Contreras, J. & Gracia Arnaiz, M. (2005). Alimentación y cultura: perspectivas antropológicas. Barcelona: Editorial Ariel.

Cramer, J. M., Greene, C. P. & Walters, L. M. (Eds.). (2011). Food as communication: Communication as food. Peter Lang New York.

Díaz, M. & Mellado, C. (2017). Agenda y uso de fuentes en los titulares y noticias centrales de los medios informativos chilenos. Un estudio de la prensa impresa, online, radio y televisión. Cuadernos. Info, (40), 107–121.

Dijk, T. A. (2009). Discurso y poder. Contribuciones a los estudios críticos del discurso.

Douglas, M. (1972). Deciphering a meal. Daedalus, 61–81.

Douglas, M. (1980). Las abominaciones del Levítico. Pureza y Peligro. Un Estudio de Contaminación y Tabú, 63–81.

Duch, L. & Chillón, A. (2012). Un ser de mediaciones. Herder.

Elias, N. (1989). El proceso de la civilizacion. Investgaciones sociogeneticas y psicogeneticas. fce.

Evans, J., Rich, E., Davies, B. & Allwood, R. (2008). Education, disordered eating and obesity discourse: Fat fabrications. Routledge.

Farré, M. (2004). El noticiero como mundo posible: estrategias ficcionales en la información audiovisual. La Crujía.

Frye, J. & Bruner, M. S. (2013). The rhetoric of food discourse, materiality, and power. New York: Routledge. Retrieved from http://www.novanet.eblib.com/EBLWeb/patron/?target=patron&extendedid=P_1039373_0

Fúster, F., Ribes, M. Á., Bardón, R. & Marino, E. (2009). Análisis cuantitativo de las noticias de alimentación en la prensa madrileña en 2006. Revista Española de Documentación Científica, 32(1), 99–115.

Gaínza, G. (2003). La práctica alimentaria y la historia. LOTMAN DESDE AMÉRICA.

Goody, J. & Willson, P. (1995). Cocina, cuisine y clase. Estudio de sociología comparada. Editorial Gedisa.

Habermas, J., Domènech, A. & Grasa, R. (1981). Historia y crítica de la opinión pública: la transformación estructural de la vida pública. Gustavo Gili Barcelona.

Heldke, L. (2006). The Unexamined Meal is Not Worth Eating: Or, Why and How Philosophers (Might/Could/Do) Study Food. Food, Culture and Society: An International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 9(2), 201–219. https://doi.org/10.2752/155280106778606035

Koldobsky, D. (2011). La gastronomía en el discurso crítico actual. DeSignis, (18).

Korthals, M. & Kooymans, F. (2004). Before dinner: philosophy and ethics of food. Dordrecht: Springer.

Krippendorf, K. (1990). Content Analysis Method: Theory and practice. Buenos Aires: Paidós.

Lacy, S., Watson, B. R., Riffe, D. & Lovejoy, J. (2015). Issues and best practices in content analysis. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 92(4), 791–811.

Lawrence, R. G. (2004). Framing obesity, the evolution of news discourse on a public health issue. The Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 9(3), 56–75.

LeBesco, K. & Naccarato, P. (Eds.). (2008). Edible ideologies: representing food and meaning. Albany: State University of New York Press.

Lévi-Strauss, C. (1981). El origen de las maneras de mesa (Vol. 3). Siglo XXI.

Lévi-Strauss, C. (2013). The Culinary Triangle. Food and Culture: A Reader, 40.

Marín-Murillo, F., Armentia-Vizuete, J. I. & Olabarri-Fernández, E. (2016). Alimentación y Salud: Enfoques predominantes en la prensa española. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social.

Martínez, A. A. & Poyatos, M. D. F. (2015). Gastronomy in the Spanish Press during the 19th century. Estudios Sobre El Mensaje Periodístico, 21(1), 17.

Menezes Ferreira, C., de Castro Oliveira, V. & Terrón Blanco, L. (2015). Una temática de peso: el tratamiento de la obesidad en los periódicos brasileños. In La pantalla insomne. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social. Retrieved from lhttp://www.revistalatinacs.org/15SLCS/libro-colectivo-2015.html

Morin, E. (2014). Le paradigme perdu. La nature humaine. Seuil.

Narváez, T. A. (2013). Consejos dietéticos y nutricionales en la prensa española. Revista Española de Comunicación En Salud, 4(1), 17–26.

Nedelko, D. (2013, July 9). See How Your Website is Really Ranking - Unbiased Google Results. Retrieved January 2, 2019, from https://honeypotmarketing.com/remove-personalised-google-results/

Neuendorf, K. A. (2016). The content analysis guidebook. Sage.

Parasecoli, F. (2011). Savoring semiotics: food in intercultural communication. Social Semiotics, 21(5), 645–663. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2011.578803

Plaza, J. F. (2012). Medios de comunicación, anorexia y bulimia. La difusión mediática del ‘anhelo de delgadez’: un análisis con perspectiva de género. Revista Icono14. Revista Científica de Comunicación y Tecnologías Emergentes, 8(3), 62–83.

Poulain, J. P. (2017). The sociology of food: eating and the place of food in society. London: New York: Bloomsbury Academic.

Riffe, D., Lacy, S. & Fico, F. (2005). Analyzing Media Messages-2/E.: Using Quantitative Content Analysis in Research.

Roig, N. A. (2013). Alimentación y calentamiento global: “La larga sombra del ganado” en la prensa española. Estudios Sobre El Mensaje Periodístico, 19(1), 17–33.

Sánchez Gómez, F. (2010). La función didáctica del periodismo gastronómico en Internet. In Alfabetización mediática y culturas digitales (pp. 172). Universidad de Sevilla.

Sandberg, H. (2007). A matter of looks: the framing of obesity in four Swedish daily newspapers.

Soler, J. (1997). The semiotics of food in the Bible. Food and Culture: A Reader, 55–66.

Strauss, C. L., Verón, E. & Menéndez, E. L. (1970). Antropología estructural. Eudeba.

Telfer, E. (2002). Food for thought philosophy and food. London; New York: Routledge. Retrieved from https://philpapers.org/rec/TELFFT

Thompson, J. B. (1998). Los media y la modernidad: una teoría de los medios de comunicación.

Thompson, J. R. (2012). Food talk: Bridging power in a globalizing world. The Rhetoric of Food: Discourse, Materiality, and Power, 58–70.

Velázquez, T. (1992). Los políticos y la televisión. Aportaciones de la teoría del discurso al diálogo televisivo. Ariel, Barcelona.

Weaver, D. A. & Bimber, B. (2008). Finding news stories: a comparison of searches using LexisNexis and Google News. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 85(3), 515–530.

Westall, D. (2011). La obesidad infantil en la prensa española. Estudios Sobre El Mensaje Periodístico, 17(1), 215–224.