Las industrias culturales y creativas en la Comunidad de Madrid: contexto y desarrollo económico 2008 - 2014

Eduardo Francisco Rodríguez Gómez; Elena   Real Rodríguez; Gloria  Rosique Cedillo

doi:10.4185/RLCS-2017-1166

Authors

Eduardo Francisco Rodríguez Gómez Carlos III University http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1788-2412
Elena Real Rodríguez Complutense University of Madrid http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1593-5103
Gloria Rosique Cedillo University Carlos III de Madrid http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6979-7554

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2017-1166

Keywords:

Cultural industry, creative industry, business volume, employment, regional GDP, gross value added

Abstract

The Community of Madrid is one of the main focuses of Cultural and Creative Industries in Spain (CCI), therefore it is necessary to measure their socioeconomic impact in the region in aspects such as competitiveness, investment, employment and social cohesion. Objectives: The objective of this article is to introduce a model, using a harmonized and comparable methodology, that identifies the evolution of CCIs in the Community of Madrid (CAM) in the current context of digital change, so to understand public policies and gain awareness, from an Autonomic perspective, about to what extent they contribute to the generation of employment and social wellbeing. The purpose of our research is, therefore, the construction of tools that improve current statistical parameters and that promote their implementation by Autonomic governments -which doesn’t have a Strategic Plan so far, as other Autonomies do–, establishing a better connection with the goals of Horizon 2020 Programme. Methods: Therefore, a statistical model has been created with comparable data to those used by the European Union and UNESCO based on INE surveys and reports from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports, among other sources. Results and Conclusions: Results show the repercussion of the financial crisis in all magnitudes, the relevance of advertisement and audiovisual sectors regarding regional GDP, stabilization of performative fine arts and libraries and museums, and the dropping of architecture, both economic and labour. We also find there are huge differences in the investment in culture among AACC.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Eduardo Francisco Rodríguez Gómez, Carlos III University

Professor and researcher in training of the Department of Journalism and Audiovisual Communication of the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Graduate in Journalism by this same university and with a Master in Mass Communications by the London Metropolitan University, he has dedicated the last years of his research to the study of research journalism and the analysis of the quality of research in communication. He is professor of Journalism for the subjects “Structure and informative effects of the media system” and “Network journalism”, in the Spanish and Bilingual programmes, and tutor of the Double Degree of Journalism and Audiovisual Communication for Final Year Dissertations. He also has taught the elective subject “Universal History of Journalism” and has participated in the subjects of the University Master in Research applied to Mass Media: “Methodology of Research in the field of Media Communication” and “New trends of journalism in the field of Contents”.

Elena Real Rodríguez, Complutense University of Madrid

Professor in the Department of Journalism III of the Faculty of Information Sciences of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM). Member of the UCM staff. Graduate and Doctor in Information Sciences by UCM. Extraordinary Doctorate Award. Two acknowledged six-year periods of research. Specialist in subjects related to Ethics and Professional Deontology, journalistic profession, Teaching of Journalism and Humanist Theory of Information. Her articles and publications handle about these themes and areas of knowledge. Member of the UCM Research Group “ANALYSIS OF CULTURAL AND SCIENTIFIC DISSEMINATION IN SOCIAL MASS MEDIA” (Reference MEC: CCG06-UCM/HUM-1092. Reference UCM: Group 931104). Research member of the Ibero-American Observatory of Communication. Member of the Editorial Board of the Journal CONEXIONES. Reviewer of national and foreign scientific journals. Member of the Spanish Association of Communication Researchers (AE-IC). Founder and President of the Association of Professors and Researchers in Ethics and Deontology of Communication (ADIEDEC).

Gloria Rosique Cedillo, University Carlos III de Madrid

Professor and Researcher in the Department of Journalism and Audiovisual Communication of the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, where she teaches the subjects of Theory and Analysis of Audiovisual Documentary, Audiovisual Production, Communication and Media Systems.

Ph.D. as Doctor Europaeus by Universidad Complutense de Madrid, graduate M.A. in Audiovisual media management, and B.A. in Audiovisual Communication by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. She has worked in TV production and writing in different media companies (Antena 3 TV, Canal 7 Madrid, Canal 13 TV), in communication departments, and as a researcher in different organisations (IAVANTE, Andalusia’s Ministry of health, ATEI).

Author and co-author of various research works about television and contents, citizen participation and media monitoring, audiovisual documentary, and the EHEA.

Member of the research group “Political information, Twitter and democracy: politicians and citizens in the social media environment”, of Universidad Jaume I, through which she has participated in different R + D funded projects. Part-time researcher in other projects of the Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona y Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Current Coordinator of the research group on comparative education policy of the Universidad del Desarrollo Empresarial y Pedagógico (UNIVDEP), México.

Some of her academic works are available in her Google Scholar profile:

References

AEDE. (2015): El libro blanco de la prensa. Asociación de Editores de Diarios Españoles., octubre: http://www.aede.es/documentos/libro-blanco/

Aguilar Losada, E. (2014): Las industrias culturales y creativas en España. Madrid: Cátedra UAM-Accenture en Economía y Gestión de la Innovación.

Ayuntamiento de Madrid. (2012): Hacia el Plan Estratégico de Cultura del Ayuntamiento de Madrid 2012-2015, septiembre: https://issuu.com/ecepe/docs/1_pdfsam_plancompletoaytomadrid12-15_cultura

Boix, R. & Lazzeretti, L. (2012): “Las industrias creativas en España: una panorámica”. Investigaciones Regionales 22, España, agosto, pp. 181-206.

Bouquillon, P. (2008): “Les industries de la culture et de la communication: les stratégies du capitalisme”, Communication 28, Grenoble (Francia), julio: https://communication.revues.org/1688 (noviembre-13-2016)

Bouquillon, P., Miège, B. y Moeglin, P. (2013): L’industrialisation des biens symboliques. Les industries créatives en regard des industries culturelles, Communication 32, Grenoble (Francia), abril: https://communication.revues.org/4971 (julio-12-2016)

Bustamante, E. & Zallo, R. (1988): Las industrias culturales en España. Madrid: Akal.

Bustamente, E. (2002): Comunicación y cultura en la era digital. Barcelona: Gedisa.

Bustamente, E. (2011): Industrias creativas. Barcelona: Gedisa.

Comisión Europea. (2010): Libro Verde: Liberar el potencial de las industrias culturales y creativas, septiembre: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/?uri=URISERV%3Acu0006

Comisión Europea (2011a): Creative Europe - A new framework programme for the cultural and creative sectors (2014-2020), octubre: http://www.creativeeuropeireland.eu/content/resources/15.%20Communication%20on%20Creative%20Europe.pdf

Comisión Europea (2011b): Horizonte 2020, Programa Marco de Investigación e Innovación, octubre: http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/pdf/proposals/com(2011)_808_final.pdf

Department for Culture, Media and Sports. (2016): Creative Industries Economic Estimates. Full Statistical Release, octubre: https://bit.ly/33CbIYV

Díaz Nosty, B. (1989): Comunicación social 1989-Tendencias. Madrid: Fundesco.

Durán, J. (2016): “Museos en huelga: esto sí que es arte”, en Diagonal, España, septiembre: https://www.diagonalperiodico.net/culturas/31498-museos-huelga-esto-si-es-arte.html

Engstler, M., Lämmerhirt, J. & Nohr, H. (2012): Trendbarometer Kreativwirtschaft Baden-Württemberg 2013. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, octubre: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348192415

European Union. (2012): European agenda for culture: work plan for culture 2011-2014. Bruselas: European Union.

EUROSTAT- EC (2011): Project ESSnet Culture. Final report, septiembre: http://www.essnet-portal.eu/

Fuertes, M. (2011): Los programas europeos para el fomento de las Industrias Culturales y Creativas, mayo: http://www.mecd.gob.es/cultura-mecd/dms/mecd/servicios-al-ciudadano-mecd/catalogo/cultura/becas-ayudas-y-subvenciones/becas/d9-2011/2013_11BecasCulturex_REPER.pdf

Fundación Ideas. (2012): Las industrias culturales y creativas: un sector clave de la nueva economía, julio: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/libro/572588.pdf

Fundación Orange (2014): eEspaña 2014. Informe anual sobre el desarrollo de la sociedad de la información en España, julio: https://www.proyectosfundacionorange.es/docs/eE2014/Informe_eE2014.pdf

Fundación Telefónica. (2015): Informe Sociedad de la Información en España 2015, octubre:

https://www.fundaciontelefonica.com/cultura-digital/publicaciones/483/

García-Leiva, M. T. (2011): “Creatividad, Cultura y Comunicación en España”, en Zer 31, Bilbao, noviembre, pp. 225-242.

Garnham, N. (2005): “From cultural to creative industries: an analysis of the implications of the ‘creative industries’ approach to arts and media policy making in the United Kingdom”. International Journal of Cultural Policy 1, Reino Unido (Inglaterra), septiembre, pp. 15-29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630500067606

Garnham, N. (2011): “De las industrias culturales a las creativas. Análisis de las implicaciones en el Reino Unido”, en VV. AA., Industrias Creativas: amenazas sobre la cultura digital (Ed., Bustamante, E.). Madrid: Gedisa.

GESAC. (2014): Creating growth: Measuring cultural and creative markets in the EU. Bruselas: European Grouping of Societies of Authors and Composers.

Hervás-Oliver, J. L., Boix, R. y Molina, M. D. M. (2011): “The Importance of Creative Industry Agglomerations in Explaining the Wealth of European Regions”, en European Planning Studies 8, Reino Unido, noviembre: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2012.680579 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2012.680579

Horizonte 2020. (Unión Europea) (2013): Horizonte 2020, septiembre: http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/index_en.cfm

Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) (2014a): Encuesta anual de Servicios 2014, octubre: http://www.ine.es/metodologia/t37/t3730e0108.pdf

Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) (2014b): Encuesta de la población activa del INE, noviembre: http://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176918&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735976595

Medina, J. (2016): Tauronomics: Economía y activismo taurino. Una contranarrativa económica al relato antitaurino. Madrid: Createspace.

Mateo Pérez, R. (2015): “Industrias Culturales y de la Comunicación: Mito y lógica de la creatividad y del empresario innovador”. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 70, pp. 813-832. http://www.revistalatinacs.org/070/paper/1073/43es.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2015-1073

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (2013): Estrategia española de ciencia y tecnología y de innovación 2013-2020, septiembre: https://bit.ly/3tHh3ZE

Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (2013): Anuario de Estadísticas Culturales 2013-2015, noviembre: http://www.mecd.gob.es/servicios-al-ciudadanomecd/estadisticas/cultura/mc/naec/portada.html

Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (2015): Plan de Fomento de las Industrias Culturales y Creativas 2015, septiembre: http://www.mecd.gob.es/dms/mecd/cultura-mecd/areas-cultura/industriasculturales/plan-fomento-iccs2015.pdf

Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (2016): Plan de Fomento de las Industrias Culturales y Creativas 2016, septiembre: https://plantl.mineco.gob.es/agenda-digital/noticias/Documents/Cultura%20-%20Plan%20de%20Fomento%20ICC%202016.pdf

Motion Picture Association of America (2016a): The Economic Contribution of the Motion Picture & Television Industry to the United States, agosto: http://www.mpaa.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/MPAA-Industry-Economic-ContributionFactsheet_2014_v2-002.pdf

Motion Picture Association of America (2016b): Theatrical Market Statistics 2010, agosto: http://www.mpaa.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/MPAA-Theatrical-Market-Statistics-2015_Final.pdf

Rausell, P., Francisco, M. y Abeledo, R. (2011): “Sector cultural y creativo y riqueza de las regiones: en busca de causalidades”. Ekonomiaz 78, Álava (Vitoria), septiembre, pp. 67-89.

Rey, G. (2009): Industrias culturales, creatividad y desarrollo. Madrid: Agencia Española de Cooperación internacional para el desarrollo.

Riaño, P. (2015): “Los museos estatales estallan y llaman a la huelga”, en El Español.es, de octubre: http://www.elespanol.com/cultura/20151016/71992859_0.html (26-octubre-2016) http://www.elespanol.com/cultura/20151016/71992859_0.html (15-febrero-2016).

Roca, D. & Fajula, A. (2005): “El mercado publicitario catalán o la lucha por la supervivencia”. Anàlisi 32, Barcelona, agosto, pp. 33-43.

Ruhr-Universität Bochu. (2008): Die Produktivität von Kultur. Die Kultur- und Kreativwirtsch aft unter den Bedingungen globalisierter Mediennetzwerk. Hans-Böckler-Stiftung zur Einrichtung eines Promotionskollegs an der Ruhr-Universität Bochu, septiembre: http://docplayer.org/2438296-Promotionskolleg-die-produktivitaet-von-kultur-die-kultur-und-kreativwirtschaft-unter-den-bedingungen-globalisierter-mediennetzwerke.html

SGAE. (2015): Anuario SGAE de las artes escénicas, musicales y audiovisuales, mayo: http://www.anuariossgae.com/anuario2015/home.html

Verón-Lassa, J. J., Zugasti-Azagra, R. y Sabés-Turmo, F. (2017): “La incidencia de la crisis económica en las industrias culturales y creativas: el caso de Aragón (2008-2013)”. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 72, pp. 26 a 46. http://www.revistalatinacs.org/072paper/1152/02es.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2017-1152

Zaldívar, J. (2013): “El oscuro mantenimiento de la tauromaquia”, en Diario.es, de mayo: http://www.eldiario.es/zonacritica/oscuro-mantenimiento-tauromaquia_6_138296187.html

Zallo, R. (2007): “La economía de la cultura (y de la comunicación) como objeto de estudio”. Zer 22, Bilbao, noviembre, pp. 215-234.

Zallo, R. (2011): Estructuras de la comunicación y la cultura. Barcelona: Gedisa.