Smartphone: en comunicación, algo más que una adicción

Ubaldo  Cuesta Cambra; Victoria  Cuesta Díaz; Luz  Martínez Martínez; José Ignacio  Niño González

doi:10.4185/RLCS-2020-1431

Authors

Ubaldo Cuesta Cambra Complutense University of Madrid. Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7023-7132
Victoria Cuesta Díaz Quirón Hospital Madrid. Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1318-1173
Luz Martínez Martínez Complutense University of Madrid. Spain http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8582-724X
José Ignacio Niño González Complutense University of Madrid. Spain http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6940-2399

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2020-1431

Keywords:

behavioural addiction; health communication; personality addiction; Smartphone addiction scale

Abstract

Different research have analysed Smartphone addiction (Young, 2009; Beard, 2005). However, there is still no solid theoretical basis that allows interpreting this addictive disorder from social psychology, nor a tool for a brief early diagnosis derived from this foundation (Cuesta, Cuesta & Martínez, 2019). It is essential to create tools to investigate the psychosocial mechanisms that underlie the problematic use of the Smartphone, and that provide knowledge that understand its psychosocial foundations and usage profiles. Objective: The goal has been the creation of a brief questionnaire of addiction/problematic use to the Smartphone and to investigate the different psychosocial profiles of use. Method: A meta-analysis of the literature allowed us to detect the empirically validated psychosocial factors on which there is greater consensus. Subsequently, three discussion groups and five in-depth interviews between experts and professionals were conducted. With these data, an abbreviated questionnaire was prepared and completed by a sample of university students twice (test-retest). Results: The questionnaire obtained adequate Cronbach and test-retest values in all the items. The factor analysis made it possible to find 4 structural factors that were called: enveloping, socialized, virtualized and stressed. These denominations, which refer to the psychosocial factors present with greater weight in each factor, seem to indicate the existence of different patterns of problematic use of the mobile which means rethinking the addiction to the Smartphone not as a single concept and admitting the existence of different types of addiction. In the future, the existence of factors and their link to personality patterns should be explored.

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Author Biographies

Ubaldo Cuesta Cambra, Complutense University of Madrid. Spain

Department of Audiovisual Communication and Advertising II. Complutense University of Madrid. Spain.
Professor of Audiovisual Communication and Advertising of the UCM. Director of the Department of Audiovisual Communication and Advertising II and of the Chair of Communication and Health of the UCM. Dr. in Psychology. Director of the Master's Degree in Advertising UCM-JWT agency and the Neurolabcenter. Director of the Department of Theories and Communication Analysis. Director of the Communication and Health magazine and of the magazine Pensar la Publicidad (PLP) Director of the consolidated research group UCM “Creation and psychosocial and cultural effects of communication”. Principal investigator of several MINECO projects in the past. Currently I.P. of the MINECO project on “Antivacunas en la Red”. Director of the Chair of Communication and Health UCM-Abbvie. Former Citroën Advertising Director. Director of the Laboratory of Neurocommunication of the UCM (Neurolabcenter.com). Director of the Master's Degree in Advertising "Advertising Management" UCM-Wunderman-Thompson. Director of the Master's Degree in Communication and Health UCM-Madrid City Council-Madrid Salud. Former director of the Master's Degree in Television Management UCM-Telemadrid. Former Director of the Creativity and Strategic Planning Expert UCM-Gray-Expiga. Member of the Spanish Council of Drug Addictions and other Addictions. Author of three books specialized in Communication Psychology and seven books as coordinator. Author of more than 30 articles in impact research journals in Spanish and English (including several Scopus and JCR), in the field of Psychology and Communication. His lines of research focus on the study of different aspects of Communication and Health such as addictions, prevention and health promotion. Analysis and creation of strategies in Advertising and Health. Development innovation in neuroscience, its application in neuromarketing and advertising and the study of the neuro-psychological foundations of Communication.

Victoria Cuesta Díaz, Quirón Hospital Madrid. Spain

Doctor in nursing from the Complutense University of Madrid. Professor of the own Master of Communication and Health of the Complutense University. Honorary collaborator of the Department of Communication Theory and Analysis of the Complutense University. Member of the consolidated research group of the Complutense University “Creation and psychosocial effects of audiovisual discourse”. Author of different articles and book chapters on communication and health. Nurse at the ICU of Neonates of the Quirón Hospital in Madrid.

Luz Martínez Martínez, Complutense University of Madrid. Spain

Doctor in Audiovisual Communication from the Complutense University of Madrid. Specialized in learning through the media and in communication and health. Associate Professor of the Rey Juan Carlos University and Researcher of the Department of Communication and Health of the Department of Communication, Audiovisual and Advertising II of the Faculty of Information Sciences (UCM). Associate Professor in the Audiovisual Communication Degree of the Rey Juan Carlos University of Madrid. He has published works in scientific journals and participated in numerous international conferences. She is currently integrated as a researcher in the Neuromarketing laboratory “NeurolabCenter” belonging to the Department of Communication, Audiovisual and Advertising II of the Faculty of Information Sciences (UCM). His lines of research focus on: in the analysis of the creation and psychosocial and cultural effects of audiovisual discourse on different media, its application in edu-entertainment and the study of its effectiveness through innovative methodologies, neuromarketing.

José Ignacio Niño González, Complutense University of Madrid. Spain

Doctor in Advertising and Public Relations from the Complutense University of Madrid, and Master in Business Administration from the Instituto de Empresa de Madrid. He is currently Secretary of the Academic Committee of the Doctoral Program in Communication, Audiovisual, Advertising and Public Relations that is taught at the Faculty of Information Sciences (UCM) and is Deputy Director of the Neuromarketing laboratory “NeurolabCenter” belonging to the Department of Theories and Communication Analysis of the Faculty of Information Sciences (UCM). Member of the UCM Consolidated Research Group “Creation and psychosocial and cultural effects of communication”. Author of multiple articles in impact research journals in Spanish and English, book and book chapters in the field of neuromarketing, communication and health. In his professional career he highlights his stage in advertising agencies such as Tandem DDB and Saatchi & Saatchi or projects as a founding partner in the area of communication and new technologies such as Interacting or More Than Game.

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