El envejecimiento gerontológico como desafío social y su detección en el contenido de los medios de comunicación ucranianos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2023-1828Palabras clave:
derechos humanos, discriminación por envejecimiento en Ucrania, noticias, exclusión por edad, prácticas discriminatorias, imagen mediática de la tercera edadResumen
Los medios de comunicación, al ser un factor significativo que influye en la audiencia, forman estereotipos de vejez en la conciencia de las masas y determinan patrones de comportamiento en relación con los ancianos. El propósito de esta investigación es identificar tendencias significativas en el contenido de noticias en Ucrania, incluida la identificación de características específicas de la discriminación por envejecimiento gerontológico, identificar prácticas discriminatorias e identificar componentes gerontofóbicos de la imagen mediática del jubilado. El estudio ha identificado las especificidades de la discriminación por edad en los medios ucranianos, en particular su naturaleza institucional, la presencia de formas abiertas y latentes. Se ha comprobado que los medios de comunicación promueven exclusiones por edad – proceso de alienación de la vida social y económica, reducción de roles sociales mediante prácticas discriminatorias de biomedicalización, marginación, invisibilización, infantilización, deshumanización, banalización y clientelismo. El análisis de contenido de las noticias ha permitido construir una imagen mediática gerontofóbica de las personas mayores de 60 años, cuyo núcleo es el signo de la víctima, el centro – el delincuente, la agresión, la periferia cercana – la pobreza, la falta de atractivo, la insuficiencia, la desorientación en el espacio, descuido, corrupción; periferia lejana – egoísmo, debilidad, soledad, frugalidad hipertrofiada. La investigación ha constatado que no se trata solo de un problema de gerontofobia, sino del país en su conjunto, pues los medios de comunicación, por un lado, difunden lo que ocurre en la sociedad, y por otro, determinan qué estereotipo de vejez es cultivado en la conciencia de las masas por los medios ucranianos.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Nadiya Balandina, Olena Pankevych , Vladyslava Liubarets , Yuliіa Vyshnevska , Nataliia Rodinova
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